El multimillonario tecnológico Elon Musk afirma que su empresa Neuralink por primera vez ha implantado con éxito uno de sus chips cerebrales inalámbricos en un ser humano.
En los primeros resultados se detectaron prometedores picos neuronales o impulsos nerviosos y el paciente se está recuperando bien, señaló.
El objetivo de Neuralink es conectar cerebros humanos a computadores y ayudar a tratar afecciones neurológicas complejas, dice la misma empresa.
En mayo, la FDA autorizó a la empresa de Musk probar el chip en seres humanos, un hito fundamental después de las dificultades que había tenido para obtener la aprobación.
Esto dio luz verde para iniciar el estudio, de seis años de duración, en el que se utiliza un robot para insertar quirúrgicamente 64 hilos flexibles, más finos que un cabello humano, en una parte del cerebro que controla la "intención de movimiento", según Neuralink.
La empresa afirma que estos hilos permiten que su implante experimental -alimentado por una batería que puede cargarse de forma inalámbrica- registre y transmita señales cerebrales también de forma inalámbrica a una aplicación que decodifica cómo pretende moverse la persona.
En una publicación en X, la red social de la que es propietario y que antes se conocía como Twitter, Musk dijo que el primer producto de Neuralink se llamaría Telepathy.
Según Musk, Telepathy permitirá "controlar el teléfono o el computador, y a través de ellos casi cualquier dispositivo, con sólo pensar".
"Los primeros usuarios serán personas que hayan perdido la funcionalidad de sus extremidades", añadió.
"Imagínese que Stephen Hawking pudiera comunicarse más rápido que un mecanógrafo o un subastador. Ese es el objetivo", agregó, haciendo referencia al fallecido científico británico que padecía de enfermedad motoneuronal.
Álgida competencia
Aunque la participación de Musk le da notoriedad a Neuralink, se enfrenta a rivales que tienen un historial que en algunos casos se remonta a hace dos décadas.
Por ejemplo, Blackrock Neurotech, con sede en Utah, EE.UU., implantó su primera de muchas interfaces cerebro-computador en 2004.
Precision Neuroscience, creada por un cofundador de Neuralink, también pretende ayudar a personas con parálisis.
Su implante se asemeja a un trozo muy fino de cinta adhesiva que se coloca en la superficie del cerebro y puede implantarse a través de un "microcorte craneal", lo que, según afirma la empresa, es un procedimiento mucho más sencillo.
Los dispositivos existentes también han dado resultados. En dos estudios científicos recientes realizados en Estados Unidos, se utilizaron implantes para monitorear la actividad cerebral cuando una persona intentaba hablar, la cual luego podía descodificarse para ayudarla a comunicarse.
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